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Ceramics are literally millennia old as a concept. It'd be a bit shortsighted to introduce new materials today and not think about its full lifecycle.


Highly durable goods generally require a lot of energy input, because to break the thing you have to exert more energy than was used to construct the item. Or you can think of it that you use a high-energy state when you want it to be malleable, so it is far from that state during normal use. In ceramics, for instance, when you fire to a higher temperature you can create a more durable piece. (Of course you can make a flawed item that lacks this durability.)

The very thing that makes an item durable also makes it hard to recycle, something that is hard to break is also hard to decompose and recompose into a new item. Also you should only invest all that energy into creating something if you plan to use it for a long time.

A highly durable glass cup is great... but only if you use it for a long time. If you recycle it you've failed. The literal mass of the finished glass is trivial compared to the energy invested in creating it.




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