I am part of an organisation called the LAAC, which is the LVK Academic Advisory Committee. The LVK is the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration. LIGO is the Laser Interferometric Gravitational-wave Observatory, and Laser is Light Amplification from Stimulated Emission of Radiation. So the L of LAAC is a 5th order initialism...
By now the word laser is so common that it is a just an uncapitalised word accepted by major dictionaries [1][2]. There are also inflections (lased, lasing) [3]. Nobody spells it in all caps now. Likewise with radar and soon lidar.
> any other terms that specifically evolved in Earth societies and cultures
That's true (pretty much by definition) of literally every word in English, though. (Yes, "katana" is a english word; the fact that it's derived from a japanese word (namely "刀" aka "かたな") doesn't change that, any more than "pizza" (italian) or "beef" (french, a long time ago).)